Module — m
Pinion Teeth — z₁
teeth
Gear Teeth — z₂
teeth
Pressure Angle — α
Face Width — b
mm

Pinion Shift Coefficient — x₁
Gear Shift Coefficient — x₂
Positive shift (x > 0) strengthens the tooth and avoids undercut. Standard gears use x = 0. Min to avoid undercut at 20°: x_min = (17 − z) / 17.
Undercut Check
Min Shift Pinion x₁_min
Min Shift Gear x₂_min
Modified Mesh
Sum of Shifts x₁ + x₂
Working Pressure Angle αw
°
Standard Centre Distance a
mm
Modified Centre Distance a′
mm
Centre Distance Change Δa
mm
Pinion Dimensions
Pitch Circle Dia d₁
mm
Tip Diameter da₁
mm
Root Diameter df₁
mm
Base Circle db₁
mm
Gear Dimensions
Pitch Circle Dia d₂
mm
Tip Diameter da₂
mm
Root Diameter df₂
mm
Base Circle db₂
mm
Contact Ratio
Contact Ratio εα